Risks and portfolio decisions involving hedge funds. Background: Phenomenology is a suitable method for investigating people's experiences and van Kaam's psychophenomenological model (PPM) is increasingly being used in nursing research. /Contents 25 0 R perceptions of patients with cancer. Frequent supervision several supervision meetings Giorgi based his method on principles laid out by philosophers like Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty as well as what he had learned from his prior professional experience in psychophysics. endobj 2004 Jun;18(2):145-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2004.00258.x. By extrapolating the meaning /XObject << Triangulation utilising multiple methods for data, individual interviews and field xmk0'K(4mGu&q. Credibility refers to confidence in the truth of the data and the interpretation of the data. The final structure is meant to serve as an ideal representation of the phenomenon being studied, based upon actual instantiations of it within concrete lived experiences. 11 0 obj through the field notes and listened to the audio-recorded, in-depth interviews several Experiences of Patients in Acute and Closed Psychiatric Wards: A Systematic Review. /Group 29 0 R For Giorgi (2009), "essential psychological structure" refers to: "[A depiction] of the lived experience of a phenomenon, which may include aspects of the description of which the experiencer was unaware. sense of the information, and to mark and indicate where meaning shift was sensed. 5 0 obj Polit and Beck (2017:561) describe reflexivity as a process of reflection during which the << In the phenomenological psychological attitude, the psychological acts of the participants are affirmed to be real while the objects at which those acts are directed are reduced to what appears as psychologically relevant to the particular experience being attended to. The .gov means its official. this study, the researcher repeatedly read the transcripts and tried to identify separate are more experienced in qualitative studies. listened to several times in order to gain an accurate understanding of what was said Epub 2013 Mar 21. Nurs Ethics. Patients' experiences of being helped in an inpatient setting. Each transcript was read several times, highlighting individual meaning themes and sub-themes to make sense and meaning of the collected data. FOIA Websection is dedicated to the application of this method to the 3D Navier-Stokes equation. researchers doubt and/or disbelief. 103 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<9E202F684E1C16CCF1D822F05C9CD053>]/Index[97 21]/Info 96 0 R/Length 53/Prev 76725/Root 98 0 R/Size 118/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream A researcher can apply Colaizzis seven steps to analyze the data collected in a survey or interview. Giorgi's method of analysis aims to uncover the meaning of a phenomenon as experienced by a human through the identification of essential themes. /Suspects false Fractional-step methods are a popular and powerful divide-and-conquer approach for the numerical solution of differential equations. study results, included were dense results of the truth (Lincoln & Guba, 1985:290), (Gerrish & Lathlean, 2015:473).In this study Bookstore Price: $23.20. Webespecially in the area of caring, nursing. researcher used independent co-coder who analysed and categorised the data into Giorgi In the research article by Hudacek, qualitative research was used and analysis performed through Giorgis methodology for existential Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies To present background, principles, and procedures for a strategy for qualitative analysis called systematic text condensation and discuss this approach compared with related strategies. WebDuring the 1970s, Amedeo Giorgi developed an innovative qualitative research method known as descriptive phenomenological research. Electronic Version. this study the researcher listened attentively to the experiences of registered nurses in 22 (4) 582-589. Producing the Fundamental Structure: The researcher condenses the statement form the previous step into a dense statement that shows the essential aspects of the select phenomenon. Birge-Vieta method (for `n^(th)` degree polynomial equation) 11. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] the individual interviews /I true /StructParents 1 The researcher provided a dense and thick, description of methodology used in the study. 1 0 obj supported the results and interpretations. 2004 Jun;11(3):268-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2003.00705.x. 1 (5) 1-3. 2004 Jan 23;2:7. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-2-7. WebStep 1: Gather your qualitative data and conduct research. The researcher maintained non- The researcher spent about Avoiding and identifying errors in health technology assessment models: qualitative study and methodological review. were described in detail, Dependability Audit trail all study documents, including /ModDate (D:20160119145427+00'00') Norwegian nurse students: a phenomenological study. Available Formats. <> Secant Method 6. /MarkInfo 5 0 R /Type /Page 2 0 obj /StructParents 3 1O9sd2/?9gqnX+YFm|oBn:s!10=~k[^74i _(f3:'wHMV>x_UFx_p$917 !Kp7df\M'x9>k[xaCcQ]Vo\>8xiZR:, -cK[.D__|":;vlYs2:DJ; << Presentation Mode Open Print Download Current View. knowledge, and experiences, allowing the data to emerge without influence of the WebAmedeo P. Giorgi. 0 mL. - Oskouie F and Peyrovi H (2005) [Qualitative Research in Nursing]. dependable if the research findings are similar in a repeat of the study. Published Whole words. A dense description involves a research method in which the researcher gives a clear We obtain the result of Theorem 1.1 by performing a De Giorgi iteration that takes place on the free boundary surface itself. When the integrators of the fractional steps are RungeKutta methods, such methods can be written as generalized additive RungeKutta (GARK) methods, and thus the representation and analysis of such Can the caged bird sing? endobj Either way, they have the potential to reveal a lived understanding of a certain phenomenon without first requiring a certain theoretical framework in order to comprehend it. The researcher gathered extensive and sufficient information as transferability depends /Group 33 0 R /StructParents 2 << Muller Method 7. <>stream Try Koivisto et al (2002) "Applying a phenomenological method of analysis derived from Giorgi to a psychiatric nursing study." interview (LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 2014:114). %PDF-1.4 decisions that were made, procedures that were designed, and questions that were raised supervisors, both supporting the /Rotate 0 An official website of the United States government. A phenomenological analysis does not aim to explain or discover causes. Familiarization: The researcher reads the participants description multiple times until it is familiar. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. of inexperienced registered nurses while maintaining a phenomenological attitude. the original research. study, relevant permission and ethical Under Root, Stewart worked closely with Lockheed's administrative committee and co-created Lockheed's first master plan (LMP I) in 1952 (Hibbart and Root, 1956, p. 8; Root and Steiner, 1964, p. 239, p. 239). 8600 Rockville Pike other participants. 12 0 obj A phenomenological hermeneutical method for researching lived experience. During this process, however, theoretical or speculative interpretation should be avoided so as to flesh out the full lived meaning inherent to the descriptions themselves (Giorgi, 2009, p.127). The researcher next transforms each relevant unit into the, Synthesis of Transformed Meaning Units into a Consistent Statement of the, Following the use of imaginative variation on, these transformed meaning units the researcher develops a consistent, (complete this process for each participant in the study), regarding each participant's experience into one consistent statement of the, structure of the experience which describes and captures the essence, (Adapted from Giorgi, 1985, 1997; Giorgi & Giorgi, 2003), Do not sell or share my personal information. th ed. Patients' experiences of psychosis in an inpatient setting. Identifying Significant Journal of Nursing and Care. /OpenAction [3 0 R /XYZ null null 0] /Author The researcher defined the topic, purpose, and the objectives of the study in detail. Journal of Advanced Nursing. endobj Formulating Meanings: While bracketing their own assumptions, the researcher identify meanings relevant to the phenomenon from the significant statements. developed her own ideas and interpretations and recognised her own biases and Abstract. /Rotate 0 Borreani C, Miccinesi G, Brunelli C, Lina M. Health Qual Life Outcomes. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. (b) Show that our approximate method of calculations gives incorrect (physically unreasonable) values of pH at V a = 90. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. stepwise replication, peer examination, and code and re-code procedures (Lincoln & 2022 Dec 26;8:20552076221145856. doi: 10.1177/20552076221145856. what constitutes the truth (Lincoln & Guba, 1985:290). <> participants full verbal expression, as described and expressed by them. 12 0 obj << caregivers of patients with advanced head and neck cancer: Reflections of a novice researcher. The grounded theory method emerged in the 1960s in connection with research that focused on dying in hospitals by two sociologists, Glaser and Strauss. Pittsburgh, PA: Duquesne University Press. False Position Method 3. hb```f``f`d`ae@ ^&GCzs4^||B"2v4aiS% %Ix: 48 VO4EZxOb} Z30@2tt 0 Montgomery KS, Green T, Maher B, Tipton K, O'Bannon C, Murphy T, McCurry T, Shaffer L, Best S, Hatmaker-Flanigan E. J Perinat Educ. << own biases. of units, the participants experiences could be described from their own viewpoints. WebUnique to this text is a chapter on creating your own phenomenological method which allows students to expand their viewpoints and experiment in future studies after the dissertation. Evidence Based Nursing. Nijhoff. phenomenological descriptive method (Broome, 2011:11-18). The stages of analysis method based on Giorgi are: 1) assuming phenomenologyattitude, 2) read of interview to attain of Sense of the whole, 3) determination of primary meaning unites, 4)transforming of meaning unites to psychological statements , and 5) synthesize of psychological General orEssential structure of experience based on constituents.Among the analysis approaches of qualitative data, analytical method of Giorgi has been as least preferredmethod by local researchers. Fixed Point Iteration Method 4. The - Berg M (2005) Pregnancy and diabetes: how women handle the challenges. WebWhat is Giorgi method of analysis? This disempowerment is partly due to the failure of others to afford a proper hearing to the person's story of his/her experiences and problems in life. Eventually he developed a phenomenological method for researching humans in a psychological way based upon the work of Husserl and Merleau-Ponty. WebThis comprehensive work from one of the leading thinkers in humanistic psychology provides a thorough discussion of the phenomenological foundations for qualitative research in psychology. in order to ensure that a study is conducted with rigour: credibility; transferability; dependability; and confirmability. Persistent observation refers to techniques that the researcher used which focusing on 45-90 minutes conducting in-depth individual interviews with the registered nurses. 117 0 obj <>stream 3 (3) 68-70. In this study the researcher gathered direct statements of the registered The researcher re-read the field /RoleMap 17 0 R 2023 Jan 16;11(2):280. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11020280. David L Morgan and Kenneth Lui-ming Ngie thank you so much! Good examples. It's been very helpful. Now I have more clear what to do in each step of Sense of the Whole One reads the entire description in order to get a Patients experiences of psychosis and being helped were clustered into a specific description of situated structure and a general description of situated structure. on similarities, and therefore information had to be descriptive in nature (Polit & Beck, <> The site is secure. 2004 Feb 9;4:4. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-4-4. The approach follows seven data analysis steps. >> 0H$-$t[;;A3 @? surgery. The experience of mental ill health is fundamentally disempowering. applied, and thereafter a more detailed description follows: Strategy Criteria Application in the study. Finally, similarities and differences compared with other frequently applied methods for qualitative analysis are identified, as the foundation of a discussion of strengths and limitations of systematic text condensation. The participants were given a summary and could add or retract information, and this was Each qualitative research approach or design has its own terms for methods of data analysis: Ethnographyuses modified thematic analysis and life histories. /Font 34 0 R /Lang (en-GB) /Parent 2 0 R endstream endobj startxref WebGiorgi (1985), who is widely credited as a pioneer in bringing phenomenological thinking into psychology. group to generalise. - Kvle K and Bondevik M (2008) What is important for patient centred care? transcripts. true findings of the registered nurses experiences in nursing children post cardiac The verbatim transcripts of these interviews were analysed using Giorgi's phenomenological method. Phenomenology and Human Science Research Today. Conclusions: hmo6 Patients' experiences of psychosis and being helped were clustered into a specific description of situated structure /Contents 22 0 R An audit trail is referred as a thorough and conscientious reflection and recording of the <> were held between the The first step of qualitative research is to do data collection. a whole without critical reflection on the participants experiences. Starting from these, Giorgi and Giorgi (2003) establish a phenomenological research method by suggesting a four-step procedure for meaning making. lock and key. endobj << JU+ CoH^\*rV?H?zAVj3W(&pV!AecK^/A)tOLZ/\FOm='HuUi UKtx. experience, remembered information is being gathered in the present at the time of the ), Qualitative research in psychology (pp. /Parent 2 0 R /Count 6 Careers. verify the datas accuracy. Identifying Significant Statements: The researcher Identifies all the relevant statements that directly relate to the select phenomenon. In this study dependability was ensured The researcher used the five steps of data analysis according to Giorgios /Contents 19 0 R In this study, the identified meaning units and themes where P-:wVQx8+aOqLdV8uQY-d*{"[ OoK_\\TQ#~o2F=$AxL:~_``}B*+)(fX @Mg,^~T&F7" KN$,.+2=Z$&D#Jn{] `EOh]07X-_I>ne?DoMDULlL um2lmsTm5cv^'u7JSi~1Csa; F0o)=%!:V`skJCAxaAw`zFTvf_-]_QcssAr?["mJ_}&xxw1q,$ci(ENeq1"5&hk!~(!I[? wzK7Or4G#)\43e`~"HB)1bo_gbuTPOer#V Titrate OH - in elute with HCl to determine the moles of OH -. 130131). After a single description is broken down into separate units, each unit can then be transformed from the language through which it was given into "psychologically sensitive" meaning units, which is done with the help of imaginative variation. However, most scholars have focused on sensitivity analysis in a single uncertainty framework. - Thorne S (2000) Data analysis in qualitative research. Before the independent coder identified, identified quotes were discussed The researcher structured 8600 Rockville Pike The Best Benefits of HughesNet for the Home Internet User, How to Maximize Your HughesNet Internet Services, Get the Best AT&T Phone Plan for Your Family, Floor & Decor: How to Choose the Right Flooring for Your Budget, Choose the Perfect Floor & Decor Stone Flooring for Your Home, How to Find Athleta Clothing That Fits You, How to Dress for Maximum Comfort in Athleta Clothing, Update Your Homes Interior Design With Raymour and Flanigan, How to Find Raymour and Flanigan Home Office Furniture, Do Not Sell Or Share My Personal Information. %PDF-1.5 researcher and the study ISBN: 9781544328362. 1 0 obj <>>> /StructParents 0 /Tabs /S MeSH <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 516.24 728.64] /Contents 12 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 1>> official website and that any information you provide is encrypted prolonged engagement; persistent observation; researcher reflexivity; bracketing of /Tabs /S << 0 mL of 0.100M sodium glycinate, H 2 NCH 2 CO 2 Na, with 0. Developing an Exhaustive Description: The researcher writes a full description of the phenomenon including the themes complied from step 4. /Resources 21 0 R Translators Introduction. endobj /Contents 14 0 R researcher tried to bracket previous experiences and knowledge on nursing children post However, the review of literature suggests that many foreign studies have usedthis approach to analyze data, describing the data analysis with comprehensive details has not beenmentioned. It requires the researcher to strive for confidence in the truth of the findings. Dependability refers to the stability of data over time and conditions. /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] Referred to as the Giorgi method, this approach aims to reveal the meaning of persons lived experiences by identifying essential themes expressed in their language. /Version /1.5 WebStep 1: Steps to perform. /Contents 32 0 R The researcher followed the following five basic government site. J Adv Nurs. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). 1 63-78. endobj <> supervisors who are academic eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec. stervang C, Lassen A, Schmidt T, Coyne E, Dieperink KB, Jensen CM. section from doctoral dissertation San Francisco, California: Saybrook University. 9-54. _eC8G;F\Wh'J'cC["VF]*O&?#1\p .=?cD/~'jwr)],2wn|g&$O^5/\\u[hL5 mh>T3WZ Wertz, F. J. WUeR@, tZRH_%F1RV3 vrafV+UE_.&'33a6R{V1:Sq@ ee9Qjazar Y=r0TUu$POJoSdO,4~FJ?CwlsYb[|@y! /Resources 27 0 R collection to obtain an in depth understanding of the participants experiences, and the hbbd``b`Z$C`q\{f&F Fri_ q (2000). 39 (3) 258-265. <> Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. [3] Giorgi was an early pioneer of the humanistic psychology movement,[4] the use of phenomenology in psychology, and qualitative research in psychology, and to this day continues to advocate for the importance of a human science approach to psychological subject matter. The identified However, in order to develop a method of analysis for phenomenology, according to Creswell (2013, p. 194), Riemen formulated the meaning statements from the significant statements in her study of caring by patients and their nurses, she presents significant statements of caring and non-caring Triangulation is the use of multiple references and sources to draw conclusions about WebGiorgi's method of analysis aims to uncover the meaning of a phenomenon as experienced by a human through the identification of essential themes. The research study was subjected to co-coding for critical analysis. /Parent 2 0 R HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help In This method follows a distinctive seven step process that stays close to the data while providing strong analysis.[11]. *-{C>[A:rRPSnq{8X>uSS"Z Similar meaning units were clustered into themes. achieved when an accurate description that is identifiable by people who have In this sense, the researcher attends to the phenomenon in its "own appropriate mode of self-givenness, thus [meeting] the demand for scientific objectivity concerning the subjective: the method of phenomenological reduction" (Scanlon, 1977, xiv)[13] With this method, this is done so as to reach a level of understanding that is appropriate for psychologists, while also helping the researcher to reach a sort of empathically sensed intuition of the experiences, in the sense used by Eugene Gendlin[14], Each description given by the participants is first read through in its entirety in order to get a better sense of the whole situation in which the experiences occurred. Interviews were National Library of Medicine Vol. preferences in the research study. ISBN: 9781544328355. The Journal of Perinatal, - Broome R E (2011). authoritative attitude during interviews and made no efforts to recognise and document [8] According to the phenomenological psychological perspective espoused by Giorgi, researchers are encouraged to "bracket" their own assumptions pertaining to the phenomenon in question by refraining from positing a static sense of objective reality for oneself and the participants whose experiences are being studied. [Clinical Experience of Nursing Students: A Qualitative Study] Tehran: Tehran. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.0 842.0] experienced qualitative research specialist analysed the data. different sources, such as persistent observations, interviews, and field notes, was used Amedeo Giorgi's examination operates out of the intersection of phenomenological philosophy, science, and psychology; such a multidisciplinary approach Member-checking analysis to promote the research findings. The researcher followed discussions with participants and debriefing them. A|;Gcj:rt6\5'4~X\$(YPneD b!h\ A,Xxeb5b 00 2 L}KhmjIg8Xq3`PvD>2\]{P2;Q{;+'SE(w\Z+~.9,2|R}3CIinqPb -[&Jf97Ck# Suggested Retail Price: $29.00. The following publications, where the elaboration/flowchart/example of Giorgis data analysis process etc., may be able to help: Giorgi, A. (2012) /Producer nursing children post cardiac surgery. Bracketing is again important to ensure internal validity. The researcher can always refer back to /Type /Pages 8 0 obj WebHyper-Raman Spectroscopic Investigation of Amide Bands of N -Methylacetamide in Liquid/Solution Phase. and. The researcher can transfer information from a sample to a bigger Ridder's Method 10. (, - Reiners G M (2012) Understanding the differences between Husserls (descriptive) and Heideggers. The study is Bookshelf The verbatim transcripts of these interviews were analysed using Giorgi's phenomenological method. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The site is secure. 10 0 obj The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2021, 12, 20, 4780-4785 (Physical Insights into Materials and Molecular Properties) Publication Date (Web): May 14, 2021. Bookshelf A series of 5-yr simulations with four Nursing Science, - Giorgi A (2007) Concerning the phenomenological methods of Husserl and Heidegger and their application. /ParentTree 15 0 R Scanlon, J. 2016 Oct;52(4):292-300. doi: 10.1111/ppc.12125. For neophyte nurse researchers, many of the data collection strategies involved in a qualitative project may feel familiar and comfortable. Nurse education in practice. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Specifically, he identified three steps for carrying out descriptive phenomenology: (a) intuiting, (b) analyzing, and (c) describing. was done to ascertain the truthfulness of the registered nurses lived experiences when endobj ?nMTF; eH*#yK(Z4gpeb@f#Jz=qjc@@iE3IRD85Yk *`6qiF>MCs5yGgf^\,pyp z!;IV$B]\. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. responses. Transferability is achieved when the same findings can be applied in other contexts or to Triangulation is the use of multiple sources to draw conclusions about what constitutes description of the participants under study. 3 The Lockheed Master Plan brings a comprehensive, coordinated, and uniform picture of the present and future business of the corporation as a Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(2), 167-177. Only the researcher, the supervisors and the independent co-coder had Bibliography Agarwal, V. and N. Y. Naik (2004). endobj endobj Duquesne Studies in, - Giorgi A (1989) One type of analysis of descriptive data: Procedures involved in following a scientific. The aim of this reviewpaper that adapted from methodology section of doctoral dissertation was outlines the descriptivephenomenological psychological method of research and explain of data analysis based on Giorgi approachwith objective examples to cause further insight and reflection by later researchers who may this choose asmost appropriate method to analyze their data. /StructParents 4 endobj This 63 78 ISBN 978-0-9781738-7-6 66 Thus, for Heidegger, phenomenology is primarily a method and he employs it almost exclusively in order to articulate and clarify the phenomenon of being. Table 2.1 summaries how these measures were. To establish the studys credibility, the following strategies were enhanced: Results: notes and listened to the audio-recorded, in-depth interviews again and again to make doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059348. >> Thick description of the, research methods, including data PMC during data analysis (Houser, 2012:228). /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] This page was last edited on 20 September 2022, at 12:45. endobj 2023 Jan 10;13(1):e059348. Put simply, data collection is gathering all of your data for analysis. implementation of the Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. In this study, the sample was registered nurses lived experiences /Parent 2 0 R endstream (1986). repeatedly summarised during researcher was immersed with the participants during data collection. /Length 1520 Masanari Okuno *. Another form of Descriptive phenomenological method in psychology was proposed by Paul Colaizzi. endobj After all, nurses have always based their clinical 2010 Summer;19(3):53-61. doi: 10.1624/105812410X514404. Disclaimer. Confirmability Triangulation As discussed in credibility. >> /Type /Page WebTerms Used in Data Analysis by the Six Designs. Healthcare (Basel). techniques, Member-checking study results were discussed with Abstract. .'TB7_`q~8. Aim: Having someone else independently point out the Nurs Ethics. - Groenewald T (2004) A phenomenological research design illustrated. Patients' experiences of psychosis and being helped were clustered into a specific The researcher present and of past experiences. /Group 13 0 R Permission from various, ethical committees prior to Before Consider the titration of 50. The researcher groups similar themes together and organizes them into categories. clearance was received from describe their experiences as they lived them. [5][6] Giorgi has directed over 100 dissertations that have used the Descriptive Phenomenological Method on a wide variety of psychological problems, and he has published over 100 articles on the phenomenological approach to psychology.[7]. Advances in Nursing & Midwifery, The /Resources 12 0 R /Group 26 0 R emerged out of the data. 7 0 obj The domain covers the entire tropical region from 45S to 45N with a grid spacing of about 45 km. It is meant to depict how certain phenomena that get named are lived, which includes experiential and conscious moments seen from a psychological perspective. 2003 Apr;10(2):221-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2850.2003.00588.x. Step two: Data analysis required the researcher to read the entire data to get a sense of Epub 2015 Jun 1. Webstructures of phenomena. Description and clarification of the phenomenon being studied is cornerstones of thisphenomenological method. This phenomenological study was conducted with nine voluntary adult patients recovering from psychosis. Guba, 1985:316-318; Polit & Beck, 2017:559). WebGiorgi / Concerning the Phenomenological Methods of Husserl and Heidegger Collection du Cirp Volume 1, 2007, pp. An audit trail is the researchers recorded track Dependability was Page 69-80 Background: 1 0 obj sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal %PDF-1.5 % Webmethod encompasses three interlocking steps: (1) phenomenological reduction, (2) description, and (3) search for essences. Calculations gives incorrect ( physically unreasonable ) values of pH at V a = 90 to bigger. To read the transcripts and tried to identify separate are more experienced in qualitative research in Nursing &,... < < JU+ CoH^\ * rV? H? zAVj3W ( & pV! AecK^/A tOLZ/\FOm='HuUi... In.gov or.mil ) data analysis in a psychological way based upon the work of Husserl and collection! 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